Growing Cymbidium Orchids
Cymbidium orchids, known for their exquisite beauty and resilience, are a favourite among orchid enthusiasts and gardeners worldwide.
Their elegant sprays of blooms and diverse colour variations make them a sought-after addition to any garden or indoor space. However, growing Cymbidium orchids successfully requires an understanding of their specific requirements and care.
This article aims to provide a guide to cultivating these captivating orchids.
1. Understanding Cymbidium Orchids:
Cymbidium orchids belong to the genus Cymbidium, which encompasses around 50 to 60 species. These orchids are native to temperate and subtropical regions of Asia, where they grow epiphytically or lithophytically in diverse habitats, ranging from mountainous areas to lowland forests. Understanding the natural habitat of Cymbidium orchids is crucial for replicating optimal growing conditions in cultivation.
2. Growing Conditions:
a. Light:
- Cymbidium orchids thrive in bright, indirect light. Place them in an east or west-facing window where they can receive filtered sunlight.
- In warmer climates, provide some shade during the hottest part of the day to prevent leaf scorching.
b. Temperature:
- Cymbidium orchids prefer cool to intermediate temperatures. Daytime temperatures of 70°F to 80°F (21°C to 27°C) and nighttime temperatures around 50°F to 60°F (10°C to 16°C) are ideal.
- Cooler temperatures, especially during the winter months, are essential for stimulating blooming.
c. Humidity:
- Maintain moderate to high humidity levels around Cymbidium orchids, especially during the growing season.
- Humidity can be increased by placing the orchids on humidity trays filled with water or using a humidifier.
d. Watering:
- Water Cymbidium orchids thoroughly when the potting mix is dry to the touch. Avoid letting the roots sit in water, as this can lead to root rot.
- During the growing season (spring to early autumn), water more frequently, and reduce watering in the winter months.
e. Potting Mix:
- Use a well-draining orchid mix composed of materials like fir bark, sphagnum moss, and perlite.
- Repot Cymbidium orchids every 2-3 years or when the potting mix begins to break down.
3. Fertilisation:
- Fertilise Cymbidium orchids regularly during the growing season using a balanced orchid fertiliser diluted to half strength.
- Apply fertiliser every 2-3 weeks, following the manufacturer's instructions. Reduce or suspend fertilisation during the winter months when growth slows down.
4. Flowering and Blooming:
- Cymbidium orchids typically bloom in late winter to spring, producing elegant sprays of flowers that can last for several weeks.
- To encourage blooming, provide cooler temperatures (50°F to 60°F) during the winter months and reduce watering slightly.
- Ensure proper light exposure and avoid disturbing the plants during the budding and blooming stages.
5. Pest and Disease Management:
- Keep an eye out for common pests such as aphids, scale insects, and spider mites. Regularly inspect the foliage and treat infestations promptly with insecticidal soap or horticultural oil.
- Prevent fungal and bacterial diseases by maintaining good air circulation around the plants and avoiding overwatering.
Cymbidiums are one of the easiest orchids to grow, and are great beginners plants. Whilst the above growing conditions are the optimum conditions, my dad grew his orchids on the southern side of our fibro home in Wagga Wagga, under the eaves. They never saw sunlight, only bright daylight, and survived in temperatures ranging between -6°C to 44°C (21°F to 111°F), and they had long spikes, with beautiful blooms. Thus my initiation to orchids, some 50 years ago.
10 years ago, when my family and I moved to the sub-tropical region of southeastern Queensland from Berwick in Victoria, I brought up 4 standard Cymbidiums, however I was unable to get them to grow. Not too sure why. In comparison, my cascading Cymbidiums grow and bloom profusely, providing a magnificent display. There are also, tropical Cymbidium orchids which can flower multiple times a year, and are more suited to the sub tropical & tropical environments.
Growing Cymbidium orchids can be a rewarding experience for both novice and experienced gardeners. By providing the right growing conditions, proper care, and attention to detail, you can enjoy the spectacular blooms of these remarkable orchids year after year.
Remember to observe the natural growth habits of Cymbidium orchids and adapt your cultivation practices accordingly to ensure their health and vitality. With patience and dedication, you can cultivate thriving Cymbidium orchids that will adorn your garden or living space with their timeless beauty.
Good growing,
Peter Johnson